Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Zat Besi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMKN 1 Yogyakarta

The Correlation Between Knowledge and Compliance in Consuming Iron Tablets with Anemia in Female Adolescents at SMKN 1 Yogyakarta

Abstract

Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin level in the blood is below the normal range, with a prevalence of 32% among female adolescents aged 15-24 years in Indonesia, and increasing from 37.1% in 2013 to 48.9% in 2018 in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Its symptoms can reduce learning concentration. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and adherence to iron tablet consumption, adherence and the occurrence of anemia, as well as knowledge and the incidence of anemia among female adolescents at SMK Negeri 1 Yogyakarta. This study used a descriptive quantitative method with a cross-sectional design, data collection using purposive sampling technique involving 84 respondents. The instruments included a questionnaire on anemia knowledge and iron tablets, as well as the MMAS-8. This research analysis used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, univariate, and bivariate Spearman Rank tests. The results showed good knowledge (67.9%), low compliance (92.9%), and anemia in 17.9% of respondents. The research data were not normally distributed with a p-value < 0.05. Furthermore, in the Spearman Rank correlation test, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and compliance (p = 0.005) with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.304, and there was no relationship between compliance and anemia (p = 0.938) with a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.009, as well as no relationship between knowledge and anemia (p = 0.915), because p > 0.05 with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.012.